Topic: GIS Foundations — Visual Variables, Smart Mapping, and Display Logic Across Dashboards + Web Maps

Essential Question:

How do visual variables, smart mapping tools, and rendering choices shape the meaning and usefulness of a GIS map?


———————————————

STUDENT NOTES (COPY ALL OF THIS)

———————————————

1. What Are Visual Variables? (Core Exam Concept)

Visual variables are the building blocks of GIS symbology.

They help us turn raw data into a map that tells a story.

Esri recognizes these common visual variables:

Size

Bigger symbols = larger values

Smaller symbols = smaller values

Color (Hue)

Different colors represent different categories or groups.

Color (Value/Brightness)

Lighter or darker versions of the same color show intensity or quantity.

Shape

Different shapes help distinguish types of features (ex: schools vs parks).